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BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is easily seen in postmenopausal women. The bone loss situation is different among populations of different age and body mass.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of age, menopausal duration,menopause age, height, body mass and body mass index on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women.DESIGN: Random sampling test was conducted to postmenopausal women.SETTING: A clinical trial center of a provincial Chinese traditional medicine research institute, an orthopaedic department of a university hospital and a bone wound department of a university.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 603 naturally postmenopausal women in Fuzhou area from September 2000 to August 2003.METHODS: Random sampling method was used. The age of participants,menopausal duration, menopause age, height, body mass and bone mineral index(BMI) were recorded. Dual energy X-ray bone mineral density machine was used to examine the bone mineral density of lumbar, neck of femur, great trochanter and Ward' s area while SPSS software was used to conduct regression analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The correlation between age,menopausal years, menopause age, height, body mass, BMI and bone density as well as the regression equation.RESULTS: There was very significant correlation between age, menopausal duration, body mass, BMI of postmenopausal women and bone mineral density of lumbar, neck of femur, great trochanter and Ward' s area. The BMD in low body mass group is greatly lower than that of obesity group( P ＜ 0.01 ). The main factors impacting BMD of lumbar are in turn age, body mass and menopause age while the regression equation: y = 0. 927 - 0. 0093 X1+ 0. 0037X2 + 0. 004X3. The factors impacting BMD of neck of femur are in turn menopausal duration, body mass, menopause age and the regression equation was: y = 0. 687 - 0. 0081 X1 + 0. 0048 X2 - 0. 0034 X3. And the factors affecting BMD of greattrochanter are age, body mass and menopause age while the regression equation was y = 0. 591 - 0. 0038 X1 + 0. 0042 X2 - 0. 0024 X3. Age, body mass index and menopausal duration are main factors affecting BMD of Ward' s area and the regression equation was y =0. 686 -0. 0072 X1 +0. 0136 X2 -0. 0046 X3.CONCLUSION: The BMD of lumbar and hip gradually decreases with the increase of age in postmenopausal women. The risk of getting osteoporosis in people with low body mass is greater than women in normal body mass groupand obesity group.
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BACKGROUND:According to the thrust of document issued by State Drug Administration, the clinical experiment was carried onfufang duzhongjiangu keli (compound) (Bo Si Zhuang) in treatment of knee joint osteoarthritis.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the improvement of the compound in treatment of knee joint osteoarthritis and its safety.DESIGN: Zhuanggu guanjie wan (bolus) was taken as controlled drug and double blind, double-simulation randomized method was designed.SETTING: Fujian Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guananmen Hospital of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Beijing Hospital of Chinese Medicine.PARTICIPANTS: Clinical experiment Ⅱ was performed since December 19, 1999, in which, 200 cases of knee joint osteoarthritis were observed and divided into compound group (100 cases) and bolus group (100 cases).From December 1999 to March 2000, clinical experiment Ⅲ was performed to observe 400 cases of knee joint osteoarthritis, in which, 300cases were divided in compound group and 100 cases in bolus group. All of cases were diagnosed by X-ray test and differentiated in Chinese medicine as insufficiency of liver and kidney and stasis of tendons and vessels. All of patients were in the known of experiment.METHODS: In compound group, fufang duzhong zhuanggu keli (1bag/time, 3 times/day) + simulated dosage of zhuanggu guanjie wan were administrated. In bolus group, fufang duzhong zhuanggu keli simulated dosage + zhuanggu guanjie wan (1bag/time, twice/day) were administrated.Double blind and double-simulation randomized control experiment was given in one-month treatment to observe clinical therapeutic effects.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Evaluation on clinical indexes of joint function ,clinical therapeutic effect, syndrome score in Chinese medicine and adverse reaction.RESULTS: Totally 600 cases employed had all accomplished datum collections, no dropped-off case. ① The total effective rate of compound group was superior remarkably to bolus group (92.%, 82%). ② The result of joint function in compound group was superior remarkably to that of bolus group. ③ Concerning to improvement of syndromes in Chinese medicine, the result in compound group was superior to that of bolus group (the decreased integrals were 7.03±3.38 and 5.43±3.16 respectively). ④No obvious harmful effect presented during experiment.CONCLUSION: Fufang duzhong jiangu keli improves the symptoms of osteoarthritis of knee safely and effectively.
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OBJECTIVE: We used the SD rat's bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured in vitro to observe the effects of Bugu Mixture on the apoptosis and to explore the molecular biologic mechanism of the treatment of osteoporosis with Bugu Mixture. METHODS: BMSCs were separated from the bones of the extremities of SD rats in vitro. The morphologic changes, the apoptosis cell cycles, the mitochondrion membrane potential changes, and the Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression were observed, and the effects of Bugu Mixture on the course of cell apoptosis were evaluated. RESULTS: The earlier use of Bugu Mixture could decrease the cells blocked in G0/G1 phase, and promote their synthesis of DNA in S phase. The expression of Bcl-2 was higher in the Bugu Mixture group than that in the all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induced group, and the expression of Bax was lower in the Bugu Mixture group than that in the ATRA induced group. The mitochondrion membrane potential descended significantly in the Bugu Mixture group than that in the ATRA induced group. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of the treatment of osteoporosis with Bugu Mixture is that the earlier use of Bugu Mixture can decrease the amount of apoptostic cells induced by ATRA, thus promoting the cell mitosis and restraining the apoptosis. It can also act as a protector to Bcl-2 located on the mitochondrion membrane. By preventing the transferring of the Bax protein from cell-plasma to mitochondrion membrane, it takes the advantage of Bcl-2 in forming Bcl-2/Bax homodimer so as to prevent the opening of the permeability transition pore to avoid the changing of mitochondrion membrane potential and the destruction of biosynthesis caused by the mitochondrion release of apoptosis inducing factors and to reach the objective of restraining apoptosis.
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0.05.3 year survival rate was 36.67%(A) and 57.14%(B),P
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Objective To investigate the relationship between ovary excision and serum levels of TNF ?, TGF ? 1. Methods Serum levels of TNF ? and TGF ? 1 in ovariectomized rats were measured by ELISA. Results The serum levels of TNF ? were increased〔(53 88?16 35)ng/L〕, but the TGF ? 1 were decreased 〔(6 78?0 75)?g/L〕 in ovariectomized rats when E 2 decreased compared with those of the Sham group( P
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objective To study the inhibition effect and its mechanism of a non - cytotoxic chemotherapy drug in the growth of gastric cancer. Methods The inhibition effect was observed in the growth of xenotransplanted gastric cancer cells MKN45 with a gastrin receptor(GR) antagonist. On the basis of the determination of expressed GR in 34 patients with gastric cancer, we evaluated the preliminary clinical effect of PGL to gastric cancer with the positive GR. Results It is less tumor area, weight and gastric cancer cells DNA Index, average DNA contents and S phase fraction in PGL group than in control group. It is the least in PGL + SST group. GR is easy to be expressed in advanced gastric cancer of the body, cardia and fundus. With the 16-21 months follow- up of 14 patients with positive GR gastric cancer, we find that 2 patients died in control group of 8 patients, and all patients are alive in PGL group. Conclusion PGL can regulate the growth of gastric cancer cells MKN45. It would be able to improve the prognosis of gastric cancer.
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Objective To observe the distribution and origins of the nitrergic perivascular nerves in rat cerebral arteries with a histochemical method for reduced nictinamide adenine dinucleotid phosphate(NADPH) diphorase activity, after resecting the membraneous structure at the ethmoidal formen. Methods Health adult SD rats were randomly distributed to three groups:sham operation group(group A), unilateral (right) operation group(group B), and bilateral operation group (group C). Both group B and C were further divided into two groups: group of resection of membraneous structure and nasociliary nerve (group BⅠ,CⅠ), and group of only removing membraneous structure (group BⅡ, CⅡ). On the seventh day after operation, the pterygopalatine ganglia and otic ganglia of group A were taken, and striped the cerebral arteries of three groups. With the method of NADPH d we investigated the positive cells in pterygopalatine ganglia, otic ganglia, and the changes of positive perivascular nerve fibers. Results A great deal of NADPH d positive cells were found in both pterygopalatine ganglia and otic ganglia. After unilateral operation, the NADPH d positive nerves in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery(MCA) completely disappeared, but it did not change on the contralateral MCA. The positive nerves on basal artery(BA) and bilateral posterior cerebral artery(PCA), internal carotid artery(ICA), and anterior cerebral artery (ACA), obviously decreased. After bilateral operation, the positive nerve fibers in all arteries except ACA disappeared. There were no significant difference between group BⅠ and BⅡ; CⅠ and CⅡ.Conclusion There were nitrergic nerve fibers in all major cerebral arteries, and the density of positive nerve fibers in the anterior circulation of the cerebral artery was higher than that of posterior one. Different cerebral arteries have different origins of nitrergic nerve. The nitrergic nerve in BA, PCA and ICA completely originated from ipsilateral pterygopalatine ganglia; the nitrergic nerves of MCA were completely originated from ipsilateral pterygopalatine ganglion; ACA have more sources of nitrergic nerves other than bilateral pterygopalatine ganglia. Nasociliary nerve from trigeminal ganglion did not involve in the origins of nitrergic perivascular nerves in rat cerebral arteries. [
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Objective To build a digitized 3D model of the pulmonary venous system of Chinese people for the purpose of providing anatomic information of the pulmonary venous system for anatomic teaching,imaging diagnosis and surgical operation of pulmonary diseases. Methods The primal images from the first Chinese visible human data set of chest were converted into image sequence only cantaining the sections of pulmonary veins after manual registration and image segmentation.Then these images were imported into 3DMed software to build a 3D model of the pulmonary venous system through threshold registration algorithm. Results The three dimensional structures of the pulmonary venous system were reconstructed entirely.All reconstructed structures could be displayed individually or jointly,and could be rotated continuously on any plane.Conclusion The branches and the spacial characters of the pulmonary venous system can be clearly shown on the reconstructed 3D model.It will help anatomy teaching and provide morphological data for image diagnosis and lung operations.